Abstract: Aiming at the problem of energy hole arising from overloaded nodes and unbalanced energy consumption in wireless sensor network, evolutionary game theory is used to establish a game model of the cluster head race, and an optimal clustering algorithm based on evolutionary game for wireless sensor networks is proposed in this paper. The residual energy of nodes, data receiving energy consumption and data forwarding energy consumption are used to design the revenue function of cluster head in the evolutionary game model, and the optimal transmit power control mechanism is applied to the selection of cluster members, thereby forming a stable connected network clustering structure. The simulation results show that the algorithm balances the load of nodes and the energy of the network. It also effectively improves the premature emergence of energy holes in the network and extends the network lifetime.

Key words: wireless sensor network, evolutionary game;clustering, energy balance

摘要： 针对无线传感器网络中节点负载过重与能耗不均衡而出现网络能量空洞的问题，基于演化博弈理论建立一种簇头竞选的博弈模型，同时提出一种基于演化博弈的无线传感器网络最优成簇算法。运用节点的剩余能量、数据接收能耗和数据转发能耗设计簇头演化博弈的收益函数，并将最优发射功率控制机制应用于簇成员的选择，从而形成稳定连通的网络分簇结构。仿真实验表明该算法平衡了节点负载，从而均衡网络能量，有效改善网络中过早出现能量空洞的问题，进而延长了网络生存时间。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 演化博弈, 分簇, 能耗均衡