Abstract: With the deep integration of the Internet of things and the distribution network, the access system of massive terminal equipment brings great challenges to the safe and stable operation of the distribution Internet of things. In view of the current situation that the traditional identity authentication method is too centralized and cannot carried large-scale terminals, a terminal access authentication method based on the blockchain consensus mechanism is designed. The power distribution Internet of things gateway is responsible for the registration of the nodes to be accessed, uses the consensus algorithm for distributed authentication, and stores the legal terminals on the chain. Based on the practical Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm, a consensus algorithm for the distribution IOT terminal is proposed. The algorithm introduces a weight mechanism, selects authentication nodes according to the weight of terminal nodes, and reduces the scale of consensus. The verifiable random function is introduced to enhance the security of the master node, avoids view switching protocol, and improves the consensus efficiency. Combining with the actual application scenario, the consistency protocol is optimized to reduce the communication overhead. The experimental analysis shows that this method can effectively avoid various network attacks, and the communication overhead and throughput are better than other methods. The system has strong anti-attack ability, and meets the requirements of the distribution Internet of things for authentication efficiency and system reliability.

Key words: power distribution Internet of things, blockchain, access authentication, consensus algorithm, weight mechanism, verifiable random function

摘要： 随着物联网与配电网深度融合，海量终端设备接入系统给配电物联网安全稳定运行带来巨大挑战。针对传统身份认证方式过于中心化且无法承载大规模终端等现状，设计一种基于区块链共识机制的配电物联网终端接入认证方法。由配电物联网网关负责对待接入终端节点登记注册，采用共识算法进行分布式认证，将合法终端上链存储。在传统PBFT算法的基础上，设计了配电物联网终端共识算法。该算法引入权重机制，根据终端节点权重选取认证节点，缩小共识规模；引入可验证随机函数增强主节点安全，避免启动视图切换协议，提高共识效率；结合实际应用场景优化一致性协议，降低通信开销。实验分析表明该方法可有效规避多种网络攻击，通信开销和吞吐量优于其他方法，系统抗攻击性较强，满足配电物联网对认证效率和系统可靠性等要求。

关键词: 配电物联网, 区块链, 接入认证, 共识算法, 权重机制, 可验证随机函数（VRF）