Abstract: The casualties and economic losses caused by various emergencies are enormous, thus the emergency center location problem is the core link of emergency rescue program. This paper constructs a dynamic multi-objective location model based on the utility of relief supplies, the satisfaction degree of affected areas and the number of temporary facilities, and proposes an improved NSGA-II to solve the optimization problem. The proposed algorithm introduces the idea of tabu search on the elite strategy of NSGA-II, which achieves the better local and global search ability at the same time, while preserving the diversity and uniformity of the solution set. The results of numerical examples show that the NSGA-II-TS algorithm is more reasonable than the traditional algorithms NSGA-II and MOEA/D in terms of the utility of relief supplies, the satisfaction degree of affected areas and the number of temporary facilities. The algorithm proposed in this paper has a high application value in the emergency management of sudden disaster crisis and other security system construction.

Key words: emergency response, dynamic location, tabu search, NSGA-II, multi-objective

摘要： 泥石流等突发自然灾害造成的人员伤亡和经济损失十分巨大，因此应急中心选址问题是应急救援方案中的核心环节。以救济物资效用、受灾区域满意度以及临时物资点数目为决策函数，建立多目标动态选址模型，提出了一种改进的非支配遗传排序算法（NSGA-II-TS），该算法在精英策略上引入禁忌搜索的思想，从而实现了局部和全局搜索能力同时达到较优的结果，同时保留其解集的多样性和均匀性。数值算例结果表明该算法在物资效用、临时物资点个数、受灾区域满意度上比传统算法NSGA-II、MOEA/D更为合理。NSGA-II-TS算法在突发性灾害危机的应急管理以及其他保障体系建设问题中具有较高的应用价值。

关键词: 紧急应急事件, 动态选址, 禁忌搜索, NSGA-II, 多目标