关键词: 补贴, 碳税, 产品替代, Stackelberg博弈

Abstract: Based on the background of low-carbon economy, a supply chain composed of government, manufacturer and retailer is considered, and the equilibrium solution of the model is obtained with Stackelberg game and Nash equilibrium analysis method. Social welfare, profits of manufacturers and retailers are compared with retailers cooperation and without retailers cooperation. The results show that if retailer are cooperated, the profits of retailer and manufacturer are higher, and product demand and social welfare are the same with that when retailers are not cooperated. The social welfare, profits of retailers and manufacturers will decrease and then increase if the market size of high-carbon products increases. If the production cost of low-carbon products increases, the social welfare and the profits of manufacturers  decrease, the profit of retailer which sales high -carbon products  increases and the profit of retailer which sales low-carbon products  decrease if retailers are not cooperated, and the profit of retailer decrease if retailers are cooperated.

Key words: subsidy, carbon tax, product substitution, Stackelberg game