Abstract: Because of the inherent shortcomings of the two important localization factors of the DV-Hop localization algorithm：The average hop distance of the network anchor nodes and the number of hops of the unknown nodes to the anchor nodes, an improved 3D-DVHop localization algorithm 3DPHW-DVHop（Partial HopSize Weighted） is put forward. When the average hop distance of the network is calculated, the algorithm is optimized by region partitioning and hops count weighting. Finally, the maximum likelihood method is used to estimate the position of the unknown node. After analyzing the theory and proving the simulation experiment, it is concluded that the 3D-DVHop localization algorithm based on the region partitioning and hops count weighting is significantly improved by comparsion with the traditional DV-Hop localization algorithm under the same conditions.

Key words: three-dimensional localization, partition weighting, DV-Hop, wireless sensor network

摘要： 针对三维DV-Hop定位算法的两个重要定位因素——网络锚节点的平均跳距与未知节点到锚节点的跳数存在的固有缺点，提出一种改进的三维DV-Hop定位算法3DPHW-DVHop（Partial HopSize Weighted）。改进算法在求网络平均跳距时，利用区域划分和节点跳数加权进行算法综合优化，最后用极大似然法估算未知节点的位置，经过对理论的分析和仿真实验的证明，得出基于区域划分的跳数加权的三维DV-Hop定位算法在同等环境条件下比传统DV-Hop定位算法定位精度明显提高。

关键词: 三维定位, 分区加权, Distance Vector Hop（DV-Hop）, 无线传感网络