Abstract: In Mass Customization（MC）, customized product’ cost depends on customization degree and postponement strategy. As to Customized modules which have multi-customer Order Decoupling Points（CODP） and are all differentiated by postponement, a customized module’s production and logistics supply chain pattern is built, and module’ multi-echelon inventory system long-run average costs structural model and total customization costs model are presented. Then, considering the complexity of evaluating multi-echelon systems, the Adaptive Genetic Algorithm（AGA） is proposed. This AGA denotes gene with real number, adopts rank-based fitness assignment, designs adaptive crossover rate and adaptive mutation rate by individual fitness, and adaptive mutation operator by mutation temperature at the same time. Customized module’s production and logistics supply chain pattern and customization costs computation can help enterprises select appropriate customization level and postponement strategy. At last, an illustrative example is given.

Key words: Mass Customization（MC）, postponement, customization cost, supply chain, multi-echelon inventory systems, adaptive genetic algorithm

摘要： 以合理的成本向顾客提供定制产品是企业获取竞争优势的关键，而定制产品成本依赖于定制程度与延迟策略。考虑定制模块具有多个定制区分点、并延迟实现区分，构建了一类定制模块的生产物流供应链描述模型，并构建了定制模块多级库存系统运作成本及定制总成本模型。考虑库存运作成本问题求解的复杂性，提出了自适应遗传算法、以求解多级库存最优策略。定制模块供应模型的构建与成本求解将为企业选择恰当的定制区分与延迟策略提供有效决策支持。给出了一个应用实例以验证方法的有效性。

关键词: 大规模定制, 制造延迟, 定制成本, 供应链, 多级库存系统, 自适应遗传算法