Abstract:

An improved scheme based on incentive mechanism and credit mechanism is proposed to solve the problems of low voting enthusiasm of nodes in the Delegated Proof of Stake（DPoS） mechanism and how to reduce the probability of malicious nodes being elected as representative nodes. The incentive mechanism stipulates that the transaction fees earned by the representative nodes are shared with the nodes voting for it, and proposes an improved revenue allocation algorithm to rationally allocate the rights and interests of each node. The credit mechanism sets the reputation value and status for the node, and increases the difficulty for the malicious node to become the representative node by optimizing the calculation of the voting result. A test blockchain is built on the Ethereum platform to conduct an experimental analysis of the improved scheme, and the results show that the improved scheme can reduce the probability of successful malicious node election and improve the security of the system.

Key words: Delegated Proof of Stake（DPoS）, consensus mechanism, Ethereum, blockchain

摘要：

针对授权股份证明（DPoS）机制中存在的节点投票积极性不高及如何降低恶意节点被选举为代表节点的概率等问题，提出了一种基于奖励机制和信用机制的改进方案。奖励机制规定代表节点所得的交易费要与为它投票的节点所共享，并提出一种改进的收益分配算法合理分配各节点所得的权益；信用机制为节点设置信誉值和状态，并通过优化投票结果的计算方式加大恶意节点成为代表节点的难度。在以太坊平台上搭建了测试区块链对改进方案进行了实验分析，结果表明该改进方案能够降低恶意节点选举成功的概率，提高了系统的安全性。

关键词: 授权股份证明（DPoS）, 共识机制, 以太坊, 区块链