Abstract:

Tactical simulation is an important part of combat simulation. It is a simulation of team tactical level. It includes the overall decision of the team and the individual behavior of the members. The decision-making behavior of the team usually focuses on the coorperation among the team members. However, the individual behavior of members is susceptible to various battlefield factors. If the behavior model is established only at one level, the behavior description will be vague and complicated. In order to distinguish between team behavior and individual behavior, and improve the individual behavioral execution ability, the hierarchical behavior model based on behavior tree and HTN is proposed. The execution of tactical commands is divided into team decision-making layer and entity execution layer. The decision-making layer is based on the behavior tree to model the decision-making behavior of the team, and the assessment method which considering path-finding distance factor and weapon threat factor is proposed to solve the key tactical position selection problem. The entity execution layer is based on HTN to model the behavior of the combat entity, and uses HTN planning algorithm to plan the individual mission plan according to the decision behavior result, it enhances the expression ability of the entity behavior description. The effectiveness of the hierarchical behavior model is verified by experiments.

Key words: behavior modeling, behavior tree, Hierarchical Task Network（HTN） planning, team combat

摘要：

战术仿真是作战仿真中重要的一部分，是针对合同战术、班组战术层次的仿真，涉及班组的整体决策和成员的个体行为建模，班组的决策行为通常关注于班组成员间的协同合作，而成员的个体行为易受各种战场要素的影响，关注于个体行为的规划，只在单一层次进行建模会造成行为描述的混乱。为了区分班组行为和个体行为，增强个体行为的表达能力，基于行为树和HTN（Hierarchical Task Network）构建了班组层次行为模型，将战术命令的执行分为班组整体决策和实体具体执行两个层次。班组决策层采用行为树对班组的决策行为进行建模，提出了寻径距离因素和武器威胁因素的战术位置选择评估方法，负责班组成员间的协同决策，为班组成员分配任务；实体执行层采用HTN对作战实体的行为进行建模，根据班组决策层分配的任务利用规划算法规划个体任务计划，提升对实体行为描述的表达能力。并通过搭建仿真对抗环境验证了该层次行为模型的有效性。

关键词: 行为建模, 行为树, HTN规划, 班组作战