Abstract: Wireless Sensor Node（WSN） deployment is a critical issue in the research of Wireless Sensor Networks（WSNs）. For the nodes which working in severe environment, a sensor network environment which are composed of stationary nodes and mobile nodes is simulated in this paper. In order to optimize the deployment of WSN, a Virtual Force Disturbance index weights diminishing Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm（VFDPSO）which combines Virtual Force（VF） with Particle Swarm Optimization（PSO） is proposed. This algorithm accelerates the local search speed of the particles which by improves the PSO, and the inter-node VF is constructed to influence the evolution process of particles in PSO for the sake of improving convergence speed. Simulation shows that the proposed algorithm has a better performance on regional convergence and convergence rate than the traditional PSO algorithm.

Key words: Wireless Sensor Networks, Particle Swarm Optimization； virtual coulomb force, regional convergence

摘要： 无线传感器节点部署是无线传感器网络研究的关键问题，面对工作在复杂环境下的众多传感器节点，模拟了一个由随机部署的固定节点和移动节点构成的无线传感器网络环境。为了优化节点的布局，将粒子群算法与虚拟力相结合，提出了一种虚拟力扰动指数权值递减型粒子群算法，该策略通过改进粒子群算法加快了粒子进入局部搜索的速度，并异构了节点间虚拟力来影响粒子群算法中粒子的进化过程，提高算法收敛速度。仿真结果表明，和传统的粒子群算法相比，提出的算法可以得到更高的覆盖率，且收敛速度更快。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 粒子群算法, 虚拟库仑力, 覆盖率