Abstract: Aimed at the restricted node energy and less robust routing protocol in wireless sensor networks, a routing optimization algorithm based on immune mechanism is proposed. Combined with multicast theory and the global optimization performance of artificial immune system, the mapping relationship between routing optimization and artificial immune system is built. Such immune regulations as antibody expression, clone multiplication, clone selection and gene maturation are designed in routing optimization algorithm. Then the algorithm characteristic is introduced from the respects of calculation method, premature convergence prevention as well as robustness. The simulation proves its validation.

Key words: wireless sensor networks, natural immune mechanism, multicast tree, node energy, routing optimization

摘要： 针对无线传感器网络节点能量受限，路由协议鲁棒性不强的特点，提出了一种基于免疫机制的路由优化算法。利用组播理论与人工免疫全局优化性能，建立路由优化与免疫系统映射关系，设计路由优化算法中的抗体表示、克隆繁殖、克隆选择和基因变异等免疫规则，并从计算方式、局部收敛预防和鲁棒性三方面分析算法的性能。仿真验证了算法的有效性。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 生物免疫机制, 组播树, 节点能量, 路由优化