Abstract: The connectivity issue is the primary problem to address in building wireless sensor networks. Take the mine laneway as the background, three kinds of network structure are studied based on the rectangular, isosceles triangle and linear. The connectivity of the three kinds of network structure is researched use of the geometric analysis method, under the situation of the arbitrary ratio of the communication radius and the sensing radius. It obtains the algebraic relations between the communication radius and the sensing radius when the network kept 2 and 3 connectivity. The network performance is simulated in terms of the network connectivity, the system life cycles and the network efficiency. Simulation results show that the rectangular network use the resource of nodes more efficient, and prolong the network life cycles than the isosceles triangle and linear network in the same deployment area.

Key words: mine laneway, wireless sensor network, connectivity, network efficiency, life cycles

摘要： 连通问题是构建无线传感器网络时需要解决的首要问题。以矿井巷道为背景，介绍了节点按矩形、等腰三角形和线形排列的三种无线传感器网络结构。运用几何分析的方法，研究了节点通信半径和感应半径比值为任意的情况下三种网络结构的连通性，得出了网络要达到2、3连通时节点通信半径和感应半径的代数关系。并从网络连通度、系统生命周期和网络效率三个角度对网络性能进行仿真。仿真实验表明，在相同部署区域，矩形网络在达到网络连通性要求的情况下，更能有效利用节点资源，延长网络生命周期。

关键词: 矿井, 无线传感器网络, 连通度, 网络效率, 生命周期