Abstract: To deal with the concept of direct solvable harmonic power flow with the optimal configuration of PMU, a new algorithm based on niche genetic algorithm and Tabu search is presented. The hybrid optimization algorithm takes niche genetic algorithm for main part, controls prematurity and solves the lack of diversity; uses TSR operator in crossover to improve local search ability and convergence speed. The effectiveness and contrast between the hybrid algorithm and the other two traditional methods are verified. The results show that this hybrid algorithm can find the optimal solution, and provide understanding of the diversity and improve the optimization efficiency, has broad application prospects.

Key words: power system, Phasor Measurement Unit（PMU）, power flow equation, niche genetic algorithm, Tabu search

摘要： 针对电力系统潮流计算方程直接可解的PMU最优配置问题，提出了一种引入小生境技术的遗传禁忌搜索混合算法。混合优化算法以小生境遗传算法为主体，避免传统遗传算法“早熟”和解的多样性不足的问题；结合禁忌搜索思想，使用TSR算子进行交叉操作，解决传统遗传算法局部搜索能力较差和收敛速度有待提高的问题。用该算法与其他两种传统算法进行了对比验证，结果表明该混合算法不仅能寻得全局最优解，而且提供了解的多样性，提高了优化效率，具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 电力系统, 同步相量测量单元（PMU）, 潮流计算方程, 小生境遗传算法, 禁忌搜索算法