Abstract: Iteration an increment is one of the best practices in modern software development processes in which activities are grouped into workflows. More artifacts are integrated into software systems with each iteratively performing the workflows until the final systems are completed. Three type of metrics for UML-models are proposed to quantitatively guide and control iterative software development. UML is a visual modeling language with well-formed syntax and formal semantics, and uniformly describes artifacts in various development stages. Based on these features the three metrics measure the amount of information, visual effect and complexity of different UML diagrams. The effectiveness and usefulness of the metrics is analyzed by comparing with other software metrics and validated in a case study.

Key words: software process, metrics, UML, iteration and increment, project management

摘要： 迭代和增量把软件开发分成可以重复的不同活动的流程，是现代软件开发过程的基本特征。迭代地执行每个流程就相应地增加软件产品，直至完成产品的开发。为定量地指导和管理迭代式增量软件开发，提出了基于UML模型的一组软件度量。这组度量针对UML的可视化以及一致地应用在多个软件开发活动的特性，对UML各种图所表达的信息量、可视化大小以及复杂性三个方面度量软件制品，进而度量迭代的增量。分析并通过案例讨论了这组度量的有效性及其在软件项目管理中的应用。

关键词: 软件过程, 度量, UML, 增量与迭代, 项目管理