Abstract: In recent years, blockchain has become a popular choice to solve security problems in the Internet of vehicles（IoV）. A large number of blockchain-based IoV solutions（BIoV） have been produced. However, some blockchain nodes are unwilling to participate in block verification or share due to lack of incentive, which leads to security problems such as privacy leakage and lack of trust in the IoV. Firstly, this paper introduces the research status of BIoV and the three main application scenarios of incentive mechanism in the field of Internet of thing（IoT） and IoV. Then this paper divides the application of blockchain incentive mechanism in the field of IoV from the perspective of reward types. For each incentive in the node participation levels, increase efficiency, reduce energy consumption, privacy, security and node trust five aspects to do a comprehensive comparison. Finally, the challenges and future research directions of the IoV are discussed from the perspective of blockchain incentive, so as to provide more incentive and security support for strengthening the IoV based on blockchain in the future.

Key words: blockchain, Internet of vehicles（IoV）, incentive mechanism, privacy security

摘要： 近几年区块链成为解决车联网中安全问题的热门选择，产生了大量基于区块链的车联网解决方案。然而区块链部分节点由于激励不足不愿参与区块验证或共享意愿较低，导致车联网仍存在隐私泄露和信任缺失等安全问题。介绍了基于区块链的车联网解决方案的研究现状以及激励机制在物联网和车联网领域最主要的三种应用场景，从奖励类型角度划分了区块链激励机制在车联网领域的应用，并对每种激励在节点参与水平、提高效率、降低能耗、隐私安全和节点信任五方面做了全面对比，从区块链激励层面讨论了现阶段车联网面临的挑战以及未来研究方向，为未来加强基于区块链的车联网提供更多激励与安全层面的支持。

关键词: 区块链, 车联网, 激励机制, 隐私安全