Abstract:

With the development of Energy Harvesting（EH） technology, numerous Wireless Sensor Networks（WSNs） have gained the ability to collect energy from solar, wind, RF and other energy sources. In order to adapt to this trend of WSNs, the Medium Access Control（MAC） protocol also needs a new design from the perspective of energy harvesting to better provide stable and efficient data transmission. Based on the research of a large number of MAC protocols used in Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks（EH-WSNs）, this paper summarizes the characteristics of MAC protocols for EH-WSNs in detail and classifies them accordingly. Based on these classifications, this paper further selects several typical MAC protocols for EH-WSNs, analyzes and discusses their advantages and disadvantages, and presents an outlook about the future design of MAC protocols for EH-WSNs.

Key words: Wireless Sensor Networks（WSNs）, Medium Access Control（MAC） protocols, energy harvestiing, Quality of Service（QoS）

摘要：

随着能量采集技术（Energy Harvesting，EH）的发展，越来越多的无线传感器网络（Wireless Sensor Networks，WSNs）已经具备了从太阳能、风能、射频能等能量源采集能量并持续工作的能力。为了适应无线传感器网络的这一趋势，媒体接入控制协议（Medium Access Control，MAC）也需要从能量采集的角度进行新的设计，从而更好地提供稳定且高效的数据传输。基于对大量的应用于能量采集传感器网络（Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Network，EH-WSNs）中MAC协议的研究，细致地总结了这些MAC协议的特性，对其进行了有效的分类。根据这些分类，进一步地选取了多个EH-WSNs中的典型MAC协议，对其优缺点进行了分析与讨论，并提出了对未来EH-WSNs的MAC协议设计的展望。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 媒体接入控制（MAC）协议, 能量采集, 服务质量（QoS）