Abstract:

In location-based services, mobile users can be motivated to help other users to realize [K]-anonymous location privacy protection by [K]-anonymous incentives. However, there are some drawbacks in existing [K]-anonymous incentive schemes, i.e., over-centralization, single-point of failure, and lack of user participation. At present, the smart contract technology in block-chain enjoys the characteristics of decentralization, high security guarantee and verifiability, which can be used to construct programmable finance in an effective way. This paper contributes a new idea to address the occurred problems in current [K]-anonymous incentive mechanisms. The proposed scheme combines the smart contract technology in block-chain and an introduced improved [K]-anonymous incentive algorithm to develop a new [K]-anonymous incentive mechanism system that is deployed in Ethereum, where the common tokens in public block-chain are distributed as incentives to users, and thus a margin access mechanism is introduced that can increase the enthusiasm of users. Compared with related work, the proposed improved incentive algorithm achieves 30%-40% overheads in consumed time costs in the combination generation phase of [K]-anonymous. The introduced algorithm is implemented by smart contract, in which the contract is automatically executed on the block-chain, in order to achieve the security and credibility of incentive mechanism.

Key words: location-based service, [K]-anonymity, incentive mechanism, block chain, smart contract

摘要：

在基于位置服务中，[K]-匿名激励机制可以激励移动用户帮助其他用户实现[K]-匿名位置的隐私保护。然而，目前的[K]-匿名激励机制方案存在过度中心化、易单点失效、用户参与积极性不足等问题。当前，基于区块链的智能合约技术具有去中心化、安全性高、可验证等特性，可用来有效构建可编程金融，为解决[K]-匿名激励机制存在的问题提供了新思路。该方案结合区块链智能合约技术与改进的[K]-匿名激励算法，基于以太坊实验环境开发了[K]-匿名激励机制系统，将公有区块链中通用代币作为激励发放给参与用户，提出了一种可以提高参与用户积极性的保证金准入机制。相较于相关工作，改进后的激励算法在[K]-匿名组合生成方面节省了30%~40%的时间开销，该算法由智能合约实现，合约在区块链上自动执行，从而保证激励机制的安全性及可信性。

关键词: 基于位置服务, [K]-匿名, 激励机制, 区块链, 智能合约