Abstract: Side channel analysis technology is the main detection method of hardware Trojan. Because the side channel signal is affected by process variations, its application is limited. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes a FPGA hardware Trojan detection using power analysis considering process variation. Considering the relationship between threshold voltage and chip current, the influence of process variations on chip power is analyzed. Hspice is used to simulate the effect of process variation on CMOS power by changing the main process parameters. Simulation results of Hspice show that the fluctuation range of the power of the FPGA chip is ±5% under the influence of process variation. Xpower is used to analyze the power of chips with and without hardware Trojan under the influence of process variation. Finally, the proposed method is verified by the actual power measurement results of FPGA. The proposed analysis method can calculate the fluctuation range of FPGA power under process variation. It provides effective theoretical basis for hardware Trojan detections based on side channel analysis, and improves the reliability of detections.

Key words: hardware Trojan, side channel analysis, process variation

摘要： 侧信道分析技术作为硬件木马的主要检测方法，因侧信道信号受工艺偏差影响，其应用存在局限性。针对这一问题，提出了一种考虑工艺偏差的FPGA硬件木马检测功率分析方法。以工艺偏差对阈值电压的影响为切入点，结合阈值电压与芯片电流的关系，分析了工艺偏差对芯片功率的影响。从受工艺偏差影响的工艺参数入手，利用Hspice仿真模拟CMOS功率受工艺偏差的影响。之后基于FPGA功率与CMOS功率间的关系，利用Xpower分析在工艺偏差影响下有无木马芯片的功率波动为±5%，最后根据FPGA的实际功率测量结果进行了验证。提出的方法可定量分析工艺偏差对芯片功率的影响，有助于分析侧信道检测的准确性，为侧信道检测方法提供有效的理论依据。

关键词: 硬件木马, 侧信道分析, 工艺偏差