Abstract: Cellular automaton algorithm is commonly used in fire evacuation simulation, but it has large amount of computation and is difficult to simulate real-time. A tunnel fire evacuation model algorithm based on mesh selection is presented. The evacuation attribute parameters such as personnel type, running speed, running direction, surrounding environment are designed. The simulation model based on the meshed divergence field variable and the coordinate value is established. This algorithm is simple and can simulate real-time. Finally, computer simulation is implemented with Open Inventor, and the simulation model is applied to verify validity from two aspects. One is escape routes have effect on evacuation time and the other is inducing sign design has effect on evacuation time. This model can provide the theoretical basis for evacuation designation safely. The experimental results show that simulation model is effective.

Key words: tunnel fire, personnel evacuation model, cellular automation, meshed discrete field

摘要： 由于隧道火灾的人员疏散难题，提出一种基于网格选择的隧道火灾人员疏散模型算法，设计了人员类型、奔跑速度、奔跑方向、人员所在环境等疏散属性参数，建立基于网格化离散场变量和坐标值的仿真模型。该算法克服了常用的元胞自动机算法计算量大，实时仿真比较困难的缺点。最后，利用Open Inventor进行了计算机仿真，并应用该仿真模型进行了分析，从逃生通道对疏散时间的影响及诱导标志设计对疏散时间的影响两方面验证了模型的有效性，并可直观地为安全疏散设计提供理论依据。

关键词: 隧道火灾, 人员疏散模型, 元胞自动机, 网格化离散场