Abstract: To balance energy consumption and improve the reliability of data transmission, the Ant Colony Optimization MultiPath routing algorithm（ACOMP） adopted angle factor is proposed. Firstly, using a node deployment strategy based on descending density, an attempt is made to avoid energy hotspots by applying the optimized ant colony algorithm to search multipath. During the search process, the between-nodes angle factor appropriately guides the path direction. Then, based on the real-time energy of selected multiple paths, a multipath decision model is established that guides the source node to select the currently best-performing path and conducts reliable data transmission. Meanwhile, to avoid routing voids, a repair ant is defined and combined with the feedback mechanism to ensure that paths remain open. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can realize energy-efficient and reliable routes, which helps to balance the energy consumption of the network.

Key words: wireless sensor network, ant colony optimization, angle factor, multipath, routing void

摘要： 为均衡能量消耗、提高数据传输的可靠性，提出采用角度因子的蚁群优化多路径路由算法（ACOMP）。在密度递减节点部署策略的基础上，为避免能量“热区”，优化蚁群算法进行多路径搜索，搜索过程加入节点间的角度因子进行路径方向引导。基于对选出的各较优路径实时能量的感知，建立多路径决策模型，使得源节点可以选择当前性能最好的路径进行较可靠的数据传输。同时为避免路由空洞，定义修复蚂蚁并结合反馈机制使得路径保持良好状态。仿真结果表明：提出的算法可以实现节能、可靠的路由，并可均衡整个网络的能量消耗。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 蚁群优化, 角度因子, 多路径, 路由空洞