Abstract: To strengthen the system construction of urban-rural distribution network and to promote both the reciprocal commodity flow and the joint delivery ability, a urban-rural distribution supernetwork model comprising demand and supply networks is constructed based on the supernetwork theory. By analyzing the matching relation between demand and supply in the two networks, the organization plan of the distribution network is optimized. Firstly, the double objective optimization model is established, aiming to maximize both the time cost and the matching degree of supply and demand. Secondly, the optimization model is converted to a related variational inequality problem. Then, these two problems are proved to be equivalent and their solution is unique. Besides, the condition on which the whole network’s matching state is attained is solved through the modified projection algorithm. Finally, numerical simulation is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results demonstrate that the key factors influencing matching degree of supply and demand are the capacity of the logistics supply system as well as the waiting and retention of supply time.

Key words: logistics management, urban-rural logistics, supernetwork, supply and demand matching, variational inequality

摘要： 为了加强城乡配送网络体系建设，促进城乡商品的双向流通和提高共同配送能力，基于超网络思想，构建了包含需求网络和供给网络的城乡配送超网络结构模型，通过分析子网之间供需匹配关系，优化配送网络的组织方案。首先建立以时间成本及物流费用匹配双目标的超网络优化模型。其次将模型转换为相应的变分不等式，并证明解的存在及唯一性，采用修正投影算法求解了整个网络达到匹配状态的条件。最后应用算例进行数值仿真，验证了模型的有效性，实验结果表明：供给能力、配送时间的等待滞留等关键参数对网络的匹配程度影响较大。此研究可为物流管理者提供决策依据。

关键词: 物流管理, 城乡物流, 超网络, 供需匹配, 变分不等式