Abstract: To explore the network characteristics of the urban rail transit network（URTN） and its robustness in the face of emergencies, as well as to improve operational efficiency, firstly, based on the theory of complex networks, the Space-L method is used to construct the URTN topology, and a comprehensive evaluation index for the importance of URTN sites is proposed. Secondly, the cascading failure model of URTN is established, and the cascading failure simulation algorithm is designed. The robustness of URTN cascading failure under different attack strategies is quantitatively analyzed by two robustness evaluation indexes of network efficiency and relative size of largest connected subgraph ratio. Finally, the paper takes the Shanghai rail transit network as an example to make an empirical analysis. The research results show that Shanghai rail transit network has the network characteristics of a small-world network and a scale-free network in the L space; regardless of whether there is a cascade failure, Shanghai rail transit network is more robust in the face of random attacks than a deliberate attack. In the case of cascading failure, rail transit networks that consider site load redistribution are more vulnerable; important site failures have a wider range of influence on the network, and the overall damage to the network is greater.

Key words: urban rail transit network（URTN）, complex network, cascading failure, robustness

摘要： 为探讨城市轨道交通网络（URTN）的网络特性及面对突发事件时的鲁棒性，提升运营效率，基于复杂网络理论，采用Space-L方法构建URTN拓扑结构，提出URTN站点重要性综合评价指标。建立URTN级联失效模型，设计级联失效仿真算法，通过网络效率和最大连通子图比例两项鲁棒性评价指标，定量分析不同攻击策略下URTN级联失效鲁棒性。以上海轨道交通网络为例进行实证分析。研究结果表明：上海轨道交通网络在L空间中具有小世界网络和无标度网络的网络特性；无论是否存在级联失效情况，相比蓄意攻击，上海轨道交通网络在面对随机攻击时更具鲁棒性；级联失效情况下考虑站点负载重分配的轨道交通网络更具脆弱性；重要站点失效对网络的影响范围更广，对网络的整体破坏程度更大。

关键词: 城市轨道交通网络（URTN）, 复杂网络, 级联失效, 鲁棒性