Abstract: With the rapid development of the Internet and the wide popularization of mobile communication, Information and Communication Technology（ICT） is playing an increasingly important role. At the same time, the network energy consumption has also risen sharply. In order to cope with the growth of network traffic, unpredictable real-time traffic and guarantee the Quality of Service（QoS）, the existing network is usually set according to the peak of network traffic. And the energy consumption of network devices is sometimes set to peak. But most of the time, the network traffic will not reach the peak, or even far less than the peak. This means that energy utilization is low and most of it is wasted. Therefore, it is urgent to reduce energy consumption cost and improve energy consumption utilization. This kind of problem is called green network energy saving problem. In this paper, the existing green network energy saving schemes are divided into three categories according to the energy saving problems in different networks. The specific schemes in different classifications are described in detail, their advantages and disadvantages are compared, their contributions and shortcomings are summarized and analyzed, and the research direction in the future is proposed.

Key words: business volume, peaking of network traffic, network energy consumption, routing energy saving scheme

摘要： 随着互联网的迅速发展、移动通信的广泛普及，信息通讯技术（Information and Communication Technology，ICT）发挥着越来越重要的作用。与此同时，网络能源的消耗也急剧攀升。为了应对业务量的增长，无法预测的实时流量，以及保证连接和服务质量（Quality of Service，QoS），现有网络通常是按照网络业务量的峰值来设定，而且网络设备的耗能有时也是按照峰值来设定。但是网络的业务量在大部分时间里不会达到峰值，甚至远远小于峰值。这就意味着能量的利用率很低，大部分的能量会被浪费掉。因此，降低能耗成本，提高能耗利用率已经成为目前急需解决的问题。这一类问题被统称为绿色网络节能问题。针对目前已有的绿色网络节能方案，将这些方案根据在不同网络中的节能问题分成了三类，并对不同分类中的具体方案进行详细描述，对比了它们之间的优缺点，总结分析了这些方案的贡献及不足，并进一步提出了未来的研究方向。

关键词: 业务量, 峰值流量, 网络能耗, 节能路由