Abstract: Since the monitoring data of transmission lines are the largest part of the amount of data in the smart grid, including not only the online condition monitoring data, but also the basic information of the devices, the experimental data, defect records, it requires a higher performance of the reliability and real-time in the data processing. The paper designs and realizes a novel model to solve the real-time fault monitoring of transmission lines according to the practical application of power transmission line faults’ types. In particular, the paper constructs a distributed cluster based on Spark, an efficient real-time data processing system, for the transmission line fault real-time monitoring, develops a distributed ISODATA and fuzzy KNN big data analysis algorithm. Compared with standalone KNN algorithm, it improves 70.75% efficiency of the time performance. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed approach has the obvious advantages of the computational efficiency.

Key words: real-time big data, transmission lines, fault monitoring, distributed Iterative Self Organizing Data Analysis Techniques Algorithm（ISODATA） algorithm, distributed fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbor（KNN） algorithm

摘要： 输变电线路状态监测数据是智能电网中数据量很大的一部分，不仅包括在线的状态监测数据，还包括设备的基本信息、实验数据、缺陷记录等，在数据处理的可靠性和实时性方面的要求都很高。根据实际应用中输变电线路的故障类型，设计并实现了输变电线路实时数据故障监测模型。其中，利用高效处理实时数据的Spark系统，研发出基于Spark的分布式ISODATA和模糊KNN大数据分析算法，与单机KNN算法相比，在时间性能上提高了70.75%效率，具有明显的计算效率优势。

关键词: 实时大数据, 输变电线路, 故障监测, 分布式迭代自组织数据分析算法（ISODATA）, 分布式模糊k最近邻分类算法（KNN）