Abstract: Aiming at the efficiency, cost and safety problems of the Radio Frequency Identification（RFID） tags ownership transfer, an ultra-lightweight RFID ownership transfer protocol of tag based on the shared key is proposed. This protocol uses crossover operation, XOR and cycle shift operation for encrypting the transmitted information, in order to achieve the ultra-lightweight level. This protocol not only reduces the introduction and storage of information but also cuts down the cost of the tags by encrypting information with the shared key of tags and readers. What’s more, it uses the random number’s dynamic update and Flag sentinel’s irreversible mechanism, to resist the synchronization, denial of service and other common attacks. This protocol is formally proven based on GNY logic. Finally, the security and performance analyses show that the proposed protocol has the characteristics of high efficiency, low cost and high security.

Key words: Radio Frequency Identification（RFID）, shared key, ultra-lightweight, ownership transfer protocol, Flag, GNY logic

摘要： 针对无线射频识别（RFID）标签所有权转移存在的效率、成本和安全问题，提出一种基于共享密钥的超轻量RFID标签所有权转移协议。采用[Cro(X,Y)]交叉位运算、XOR异或与[Rot(X,Y)]循环移位运算相结合的方法对传输信息加密，达到超轻量级别；通过标签和读写器端共享密钥来加密信息，减少信息的引入与存储，降低标签成本；利用随机数动态更新和Flag哨兵位不可逆机制，来抵抗去同步化、拒绝服务等常见攻击。并基于GNY逻辑对协议进行形式化证明。最后通过安全与性能分析，表明协议具有高效率、低成本、高安全的特点。

关键词: 无线射频识别（RFID）, 共享密钥, 超轻量级, 所有权转移, Flag哨兵位, GNY逻辑