Abstract: An improved fuzzy adaptive PID algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of low temperature rise or fall and less accuracy of the current domestic real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR temperature control system. Firstly, based on the thermodynamic formula, the mathematical model of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR temperature control system is established. Then on the basis of the fuzzy adaptive PID algorithm, an intelligent regulator for adjusting the quantization factor and scale factor on-line has been added. The PID parameters, quantization factor and scale factor are optimized in real time according to the set fuzzy control rules. The temperature of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR is controlled by the PID controller and intelligent regulator. Simulink software is used to simulate the PCR temperature control system. The results show that the control precision of fuzzy adaptive PID controller designed has reached [0.1 ℃] and even [0.01 ℃] after rapid stability. The rate of temperature rise and fall is greater than or equal to [7.0 ℃/s]. These can fully meet the requirements of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR temperature control system for temperature accuracy and temperature rise and fall speed.

Key words: Polymerase Chain Reaction（PCR） temperature control system, fuzzy control, PID algorithm, high-precision

摘要： 针对目前国产实时荧光定量PCR温控系统升降温速度慢和精度低的问题，提出了一种改进的模糊自适应PID算法。首先根据热力学公式，建立了实时荧光定量PCR温控系统的数学模型，在模糊自适应PID算法的基础上加了一个在线调整量化因子和比例因子的智能调整器，根据设定的模糊控制规则实时优化PID参数、量化因子和比例因子，由PID控制器和智能调整器控制实时荧光定量PCR的温度。采用Simulink对PCR温控系统进行仿真，结果表明：设计的模糊自适应PID控制器控制精度达到[0.1 ℃]，快速稳定以后，能达到[0.01 ℃]，升降温速度大于等于[7.0 ℃/s]，完全能够满足实时荧光定量PCR温控系统对温度精度和升降温速度的要求。

关键词: 聚合酶链反应（PCR）温控系统, 模糊控制, PID算法, 高精度