Abstract: Decision Making Trial Evaluation Laboratory（DEMATEL） is a method widely used to analyze factors for complex systems. Existing literature shows in DEMATEL the causal map method and quadrants determining method are both basic methods for selecting system critical factors. These two methods ostensibly seem reasonable, however, in practice it is difficult for decision maker to determine the critical factors, they also lack of scientific rigor due to neglecting of organizational resource constraints. To overcome the drawbacks above, from the perspective of matching the organization capability with resource constraints, by clearly defining the meaning of critical factors, the integrated importance degree which fuses effectively the degrees of centers and causes is proposed in this paper, based on that, a new DEMATEL method for complex systems to select critical factors is given systematically by using the swing weighting and linear programming approaches. An empirical study is shown to illustrate the proposed method and it is validated to be feasible in the real-world.

Key words: complex systems, Decision Making Trial Evaluation Laboratory（DEMATEL）, critical elements, selection

摘要： 决策实行与评价实验室方法（DEMATEL）是一种应用较为广泛的复杂系统因素分析方法。从已有文献看，DEMATEL对系统关键因素选取时采用了因果图绘制法和象限确定法两类基本方法。虽然这两种方法表面上看似乎合理，但在实践操作中不仅决策者难以权衡、把握，而且因忽视组织资源约束而缺乏科学严密性。为克服上述缺陷，从组织能力和资源约束相匹配视角出发，通过清晰界定关键因素内涵，提出融合中心度和原因度的综合重要度这一重要概念，在此基础上运用摆幅置权及规划求解方法系统给出一种复杂系统DEMATEL关键因素遴选新方法。案例应用结果表明，所提方法在实践中是切实可行的。

关键词: 复杂系统, 决策实行与评价实验室（DEMATEL）, 关键因素, 遴选