Abstract: The Wireless Sensor Network （WSN） coverage optimization via the dynamic deployment of sensor nodes is crucial to enhancing the WSN monitoring quality as well as prolonging the network lifetime. Among the coverage optimization techniques, Virtual Force Particle Swarm Optimization （VFPSO） offers improved performance over the standard Particle Swarm Optimization （PSO） algorithm through the introduction of the Virtual Force （VF） concept. But the VFPSO algorithm still exhibits the problem of premature convergence. In this paper, a mechanism called dimension selection is incorporated into VFPSO to further improve its performance. Simulation results show that the newly proposed algorithm improves the WSN coverage rate by an amount of 3%~5%, compared with the other benchmark methods.

Key words: Wireless Sensor Network（WSN） coverage optimization, random deployment of sensor nodes, Virtual Force-Particle Swarm Optimization（VFPSO） algorithm, dimension selection, coverage rate

摘要： 无线传感器网络（Wireless Sensor Network，WSN）节点的随机部署一直是WSN覆盖的核心问题之一。尽可能提升WSN的覆盖质量对延长网络的生命周期起着重要的作用。虚拟力-粒子群优化（Virtual Force Particle Swarm Optimization，VFPSO）算法因虚拟力的引入使PSO算法的优化性能有所提升，但PSO算法的早熟问题仍未得到有效改善。在VFPSO算法的基础上提出了一种维度选择机制，主要目的在于改善VFPSO算法中后期的优化能力。仿真结果表明，将采用维度选择机制后的VFPSO算法应用于WSN的覆盖优化中，覆盖率较其他优化算法有3%~5%的提升。

关键词: 无线传感器网络（WSN）覆盖优化, 节点随机部署, 虚拟力-粒子群优化（VFPSO）算法, 维度选择, 覆盖率