Abstract: This paper aims to find out the confirming method of urban taxi vacancy ratio in the taxi-hailing apps context. Passengers who take taxis are divided into hailing passengers and passengers using taxi-hailing apps. According to the characteristic of two kinds of passengers, the calculation methods of passengers’ waiting time are proposed. Based on the equivalence between passengers’ waiting time and vacancy driving time, a newquantitative model between the usage rate of taxi-hailing apps and vacancyratio model is developed. This model can describe the relationship between the usage rate of taxi-hailing apps and vacancy ratio in the case of fixed parameters, such as network characteristics and taxi operation parameters. This paper testifies the validity and convenience of the proposed methods by an example, which can reflect reality of operation efficiency and offer some beneficial guidance and theoretic basis to the planning and management of urban taxi-hailing apps.

Key words: traffic engineering, vacancy ratio, taxi-hailing apps, passenger waiting time, searching behavior

摘要： 为了计算在使用打车软件背景下城市出租车的空驶率，将乘客划分为两类，即传统的扬招乘客与使用打车软件的乘客，根据乘客类型特征分别提出了等待时间计算方法，建立了基于乘客等待时间与出租车空驶时间守恒关系的出租车打车软件使用率与空驶率量化关系模型。在城市路网特征及出租车相关运营参数固定的情况下，模型能客观反映城市出租车打车软件使用率与个体空驶率的对应关系。通过算例分析表明该模型具有有效性和可行性，数据分析能较好地反映实际情况，有助于管理部门衡量城市出租车系统的运营效率，也可为打车软件等新型电召服务模式的引导方式提供决策依据。

关键词: 交通工程, 空驶率, 打车软件, 乘客等待时间, 搜索行为