Abstract: The expansion of city scale and ceaseless rise of population density are advanced by urbanization process. It’s an urgent problem to make an effective emergency evacuation plan with the purpose of evacuating pedestrian to safe places fast and orderly when danger happens. Many researches are done on this field, and virtual node approach is applied to network flow problem a lot. The staged evacuation algorithm based on road network for single exit is combined with virtual node approach which is applied to multiple exits evacuation planning, with the purpose of analyzing applicability of virtual node approach in this paper. The simulation results show that the approach can organize massive pedestrian to safe places orderly and fast.

Key words: multiple exits, virtual node approach, emergency evacuation, staged evacuation

摘要： 城市化进程的迅速推进促使城市规模日益扩大、人口密度不断提高，制定一个有效的应急疏散方案，使得人员在存在危险时快速且有序地撤离到安全场所，已经成为迫切需要解决的问题。目前已有一些研究成果，而虚拟结点法在网络流中已有较多应用。结合基于道路网络的单出口分阶段疏散算法，将虚拟结点法应用在多出口疏散方案中，旨在对虚拟结点法的适用性进行分析。模拟结果显示，该方法能够有序、快速地组织大规模人群到安全场所。

关键词: 多安全出口, 虚拟结点法, 应急疏散, 分阶段疏散