Abstract: Three influencing factors for the demand urgency of emergency materials are determined, which are the degree of life threatened because of insufficient supply, shortage degree of emergency materials and the irreplaceable degree of emergency materials. Based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the classification and gradation method for the demand urgency of the emergency materials is raised. Emergency materials are divided into three levels: urgent, serious and general. The simulation examples show that the method is simple and effective.

Key words: fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, emergency materials, demand urgency, gradation, time utility value

摘要： 突发事件发生后同一和不同应急时期，同一和不同需求点对各种应急物资的需求都存在轻重缓急之分。特别是当应急资源有限，应急运输能力受约束时，尤其需要确定应急物资的需求紧迫性程度，对应急物资的需求紧迫性进行分级，以便合理安排应急物资调度，提高应急救援效率。确定了影响应急物资需求紧迫性的三个因素：供应不足生命危害程度、应急物资缺口程度和不可替代程度，提出基于模糊综合评判的应急物资需求紧迫性分级方法和应急物资需求紧迫度计算方法，将应急物资分为紧急、严重和一般三个层级。仿真实例表明了方法实用有效。

关键词: 模糊综合评判, 应急物资, 需求紧迫性, 分级, 时间效用价值