Abstract: A forward-looking 3-D SAR imaging model using optimization of array by Simulated Annealing（SA） is proposed in this paper. Based on the problems that a real equally spaced array suffers, like large number of array antennas, heavy calculation, an unequally spaced array with optimized element positions is obtained using SA. Comparisons between the unequally spaced array and several different types of arrays point out that the former can exhibit about the same width or even thinner width of the main lobe with a small number of antenna elements. The signal model of the forward-looking 3-D SAR is analyzed. The spaced array with optimized element position is used to reconstruct a 3-D scene. Experimental results show this model is effective.

Key words: forward-looking 3-D SAR imaging, unequally spaced arrays, Simulated Algorithm

摘要： 提出了一种基于模拟退火法的优化线阵的前视三维合成孔径雷达（SAR）模型。针对实线阵需要的阵元个数多、数据计算量大等问题，利用模拟退火法优化3D-SAR的天线阵列得到一个位置优化的非均匀稀疏线阵。分析比较非均匀稀疏线阵和几种不同结构的线阵：非均匀稀疏线阵能以较少的阵元数目达到与其他几种阵列相似甚至更好的波束分辨率，并有效地避免了均匀稀疏阵列的栅瓣问题。分析了前视三维SAR的信号模型。将位置优化的非均匀稀疏线阵应用于前视三维SAR成像并结合BP成像算法。通过仿真实验验证了该模型的正确性和有效性。

关键词: 前视三维SAR成像, 非均匀稀疏线阵, 模拟退火法