Abstract: The accuracy of GPS attitude determination is easily affected by the varieties of error sources. Based on the double difference carrier phase observation model, the influence of these noises on attitude determination application is analyzed to determine the relationship of errors. For the weakness of only considering the measurement noise in the traditional method, the total least squares method is proposed to apply in the calculation of baseline accounting for both LOS of the design matrix and measurement noise. Both theory and experiments?show that this method?can effectively suppress?noise?and improve the accuracy of attitude solution.

Key words:  Global Positioning System（GPS）, attitude determination, noise suppression, total least squares

摘要： 利用GPS载波相位测量载体的姿态时，各种误差源对定姿精度有很大影响。基于载波相位双差观测模型，分析了载波相位误差和接收机到卫星的可视矢量（LOS）误差以及这些误差在姿态测量中的影响权重。针对传统最小二乘方法中仅考虑观测矢量噪声的局限性，在基线解算过程中采用同时考虑LOS组成的设计矩阵和观测矢量噪声的总体最小二乘（Total Least Squares，TLS）方法，并从理论和实验两个方面证明该方法能有效抑制噪声影响，提高姿态解算的精度。

关键词: 全球定位系统, 姿态测量, 噪声抑制, 总体最小二乘