Abstract: Loading reinforcement decision of out-of-gauge goods is a type of semi-structural problem and most of loading reinforcement parameters can not be obtained by solving traditional mathematical model. The scientific and rational use of loading reinforcement scheme is of great significance to reduce transport costs of goods and ensure the safety of rail transport. With considering various influence factors, safety and technical conditions, the structural elements and the typical characteristics of out-of-gauge goods loading reinforcement are analyzed by matter element theory. Adopting case-based inference ideas, the first evaluation conditions set and the example match condition set are constructed, the assessment method of example match goodness is confirmed, and the similarity degree between the unknown example and the example of example sets is assessed. Decision inference algorithm of out-of-gauge goods loading reinforcement is put forward. The validity and the correctness of this inference process are validated by exploiting the loading reinforcement calculation example.

Key words: out-of-gauge goods, loading reinforcement, matter element, case-based reasoning

摘要： 阔大货物装载加固决策是一个半结构化问题，绝大多数装载加固参数无法直接经由传统的数学模型求解得到，采用科学合理的货物装载加固方案，对降低阔大货物的运输成本和确保货物按时安全运达具有十分重要的意义。综合考虑阔大货物装载加固各种影响因素及其安全、技术条件，运用物元理论，刻画并深入分析阔大货物装载加固实例模型的结构要素及其典型特征；采用基于实例的推理思路，构建初次评价条件集合和实例匹配条件集合，设计实例匹配优度评价法，评价待解实例与实例集中各实例之间的相似程度，提出基于实例的阔大货物装载加固决策推理算法。给出具体的装载加固演算实例，进一步验证了所提出的决策推理方法的合理性和有效性。

关键词: 阔大货物, 装载加固, 物元, 实例推理