Abstract: In recent years，reliability of Software Architecture（SA） becomes the key factor of evaluation performance in software，and it becomes more and more important.First，this paper considers that SA is made up of six basic structures，gives out a computing model，proves integrated and discusses how to choose basic structure，which fits to the characters and relations among components.Then，estimates the whole reliability of software architecture.Comparing with many existing methods of estimating reliability of software architecture，this paper can choose more appropriate the structure of SA，which considers the efficiency and reliability of basic structures，so that it guides the design of SA more usefully，and estimates the reliability of SA more accurately.

Key words: software architecture, reliability, basic structure

摘要： 近年来，软件体系结构（Software Architecture，SA）可靠性作为软件性能评估的关键因素，越来越受到关注。针对SA自身的特点及构件之间的关系，提出了SA的6种基本结构，给出了相应可靠性计算模型，证明了基本结构的完整性和讨论了基本结构的选择问题，并在此基础上描述了整个SA可靠性模型。与现有的许多SA可靠性分析和评估方法相比，提出的方法便于从运行效率和可靠性出发，选择更合实际的结构组成最终的SA，从而有利于指导软件体系结构的设计，更准确地估算SA的可靠性。

关键词: 软件体系结构, 可靠性, 基本结构