Abstract: High speed rails communication system has various differences with traditional public one in system requirements and application background.The key technologies and implementation bottlenecks in present construction process of high speed rails are investigated and the special demands and required tasks are given for it.Finally，some implementation schemes in progress and promising communication architectures are introduced which will likely be alternatives.

摘要： 高速铁路通信系统与传统公共移动通信系统在系统要求和应用环境方面都存在较大区别。分析了目前高速铁路通信系统建设方面所存在的关键问题和技术瓶颈，给出了该系统建设所需完成的特殊要求和任务，并介绍了目前正在实施和作为研究热点的系统方案和体系结构。