Abstract: Global shipping network plays an important role in the import and export trade of the world, and its vulnerability directly affects the shipping trade between countries. It is significant to study the vulnerability of shipping network and ports. Firstly, this paper uses the theory and method of complex network to explore the topological structure characteristics of global shipping network. Then, combined with the structure characteristic of global shipping network, this paper analyzes the vulnerability of shipping network from two aspects：The key node identification and global vulnerability. Using MATLAB programming, this paper analyzes and calculates the vulnerability of each port and the vulnerability of global shipping network in two different attack modes. The results show that the efficiency of the network drops faster under the situation of the deliberate attack, namely the global container shipping network has a greater vulnerability in the face of deliberate attack, and prevention should be strengthened for vulnerable ports.

Key words: shipping network, complex network, vulnerability, network efficiency

摘要： 全球海运网络在世界进出口贸易中具有重要的作用，其脆弱性直接影响到各国间航运贸易，对海运网络和港口的脆弱度进行研究具有重要的意义。首先，运用复杂网络的理论和方法探究了全球海运网络的拓扑结构特征；然后，结合全球海运网络的结构特性从关键节点识别和全局脆弱性两个方面分析了海运网络的脆弱性。利用MATLAB编程分析、计算了各港口脆弱度和在两种不同攻击模式下的全球海运网络脆弱度变化。结果表明，蓄意攻击的网络效率下降速度更快，即全球集装箱海运网络在面对蓄意攻击时表现出的脆弱性较大，对脆弱度较高的港口应加强预防。

关键词: 海运网络, 复杂网络, 脆弱性, 网络效率