Abstract:

Blockchain has the characteristics of openness, transparency, non-tampering and easy traceability as an emerging distributed database technology. It has a good fit with the traceability of supply chain products. Aiming at the problems of automobile supply chain, such as lack of trust, difficulty of traceability and low efficiency of information sharing, a product traceability system of automobile supply chain is designed based on block chain technology. Ethereum is selected as the development platform of the system, and functional modules such as authorization management, information input, traceability transfer and chain query are designed. Smart contracts are designed according to functional requirements, and processing links of sensitive data are added. The system is equipped with four participants, namely, raw material suppliers, parts suppliers, OEMs and distributors. The system provides the traceability interface between regulatory authorities and consumers. Finally, an example is given to demonstrate the traceability system. The research shows that the blockchain traceability system has obvious advantages over the traditional traceability method in terms of product data security and traceability efficiency.

Key words: block chain, automotive supply chain, traceability, smart contract

摘要：

区块链作为新兴的分布式数据库技术，具有公开透明、不可篡改和易于追溯等特征，与供应链产品溯源具有良好的契合度。针对汽车供应链面临的缺乏信任、溯源难度大及信息共享效率低等问题，运用区块链技术，设计了基于区块链的汽车供应链产品追溯系统。选用以太坊作为系统的开发平台，设计了授权管理、信息录入、溯源转移和链上查询等功能模块，根据功能需求设计了智能合约，增加了对敏感数据的处理环节。系统中配置了原材料供应商、零部件供应商、整车厂以及分销商4个参与主体，提供了监管部门与消费者的溯源接口。通过实例对溯源系统进行展示。研究表明：区块链溯源系统与传统的溯源方式相比，产品数据的安全性和溯源效率等方面具有明显优势。

关键词: 区块链, 汽车供应链, 溯源, 智能合约