Abstract:

A fully decentralized VPP（Virtual Power Plant） does not have a centralized organization and supports the free access of distributed energy. It is one of the mainstream modes of VPP in the future. Based on the consistency of VPP and blockchain in decentralization, point-to-point interaction and decentralized coordination, it is proposed to realize the distributed scheduling of VPP by using the blockchain consensus mechanism, combined with the equal consumed energy increase ratio law, the increase ratio feature is used as a consistency variable to achieve optimal economic dispatch of the VPP. Each distributed energy in the VPP acts as a node of the blockchain network and has a complete backup of the key data in the whole network. When the load changes, the PBFT consensus algorithm is used, and each node independently calculates the new power and the new power data is stored in blockchain, while maintaining the global consistency of the increase ratio features to achieve a reasonable distribution of load between the distributed energy. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by simulation experiments, distributed scheduling is realized by blockchain, which provides a feasible reference scheme for the operation mode of distributed VPP.

Key words: consensus, distributed scheduling, fully distributed, Virtual Power Plant（VPP）, blockchain

摘要：

完全分散型虚拟电厂没有中心化机构，支持分布式能源的自由接入，是未来虚拟电厂的主流模式之一。基于分散型虚拟电厂与区块链在去中心化、点对点交互和分散协同等方面的一致性，提出利用区块链共识机制实现虚拟电厂分布式调度，结合等耗量微增率准则，将微增量特征作为一致性变量，实现虚拟电厂的最优经济调度。虚拟电厂中每个分布式能源作为区块链的一个节点，拥有全网关键数据的完整备份，当负荷发生变化后，利用PBFT共识算法，每个节点独立计算各个机组的新功率，并将新功率数据上链存储，同时保持微增量特征全局一致性，实现负荷在机组间的合理分配。通过仿真实验验证了算法的有效性，利用区块链实现分布式调度，为分散型虚拟电厂运行模式提供了一种可行的参考方案。

关键词: 共识机制, 分布式调度, 完全分布式, 虚拟电厂, 区块链