Abstract: In wireless sensor network clustering algorithms, the responsibility of the collection, integration and transmission of data falls on the cluster head, which affects the entire cluster performance. The rapid consumption of the energy cluster heads destroys the network node energy balance. For all the defaults mentioned above, this paper presents a load-balancing clustering algorithm, and under the help of cluster members and assistant cluster head, the cluster head will finish the task. In cluster head selection phase, the number of cluster heads will be controlled by screening twice to determine the cluster head; using ant colony algorithm to find the shortest path to traverse the cluster, the collection of data is done to reduce the pressure of the energy consumption of cluster head. In the process of passing data to sink node, an assistant cluster head will be selected to assist the work of the cluster head. Simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively balance the energy consumption of nodes, and improve the network life cycle.

Key words: wireless sensor network, clustering algorithm, clusterhead, ant colony algorithm, load balancing

摘要： 无线传感器网络分簇算法中，簇首肩负着收集、融合和传输数据的责任，影响整个簇的性能。簇首能量快速消耗，破坏了网络节点能量的均衡性。针对此，提出了一种负载均衡的分簇算法（LBCA），由簇内成员和助理簇首帮助簇首完成任务。簇首选择阶段，通过两次筛选确定簇首的方法来控制簇首个数;簇内收集数据时结合蚁群算法寻找遍历簇内的最短路径，减小簇首能量消耗的压力;给Sink节点传递数据过程中，在簇内选择一个助理簇首来辅助簇首工作。仿真结果表明，该算法可以有效地均衡网络节点负载的能耗，提高网络的生命周期。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 分簇算法, 簇首, 蚁群算法, 负载均衡