Abstract: Aiming at the limitation of lacking consideration of the preceding vehicle’s optimal velocity information in the traditional Full Velocity Difference（FVD） model, this paper proposes an Improved Full Velocity Difference（IFVD） model. In the IFVD model, apart from the following vehicle’s own optimal velocity and velocity difference, the optimal velocity information of multiple vehicles is further analyzed to improve the stability of traffic flow. Then, the IFVD model’s stability is analyzed by utilizing the small vibration amplitude disturbance method and the critical stability condition is obtained. Finally, the comparison study for FVD and IFVD model is conducted by numerical simulation. The results show that the IFVD model considering the preceding vehicles’ optimal speed impacts can more effectively inhibit traffic jams. Along with the increasing numbers of considered vehicles, the critical sensitivity coefficient is reduced and the stability region gradually increases under the same initial disturbance conditions.

Key words: traffic flow, Full Velocity Difference（FVD） model, optimal velocity, stability analysis, numerical simulation

摘要： 针对传统全速度差（FVD）模型缺乏考虑前车最优速度影响的局限性，提出了一种改进的全速度差（IFVD）模型。在IFVD模型中，除了考虑跟驰车自身的最优速度和前车的速度差外，还进一步分析了多辆前车的最优速度信息对提高交通流稳定性的作用。并利用小振幅扰动法对模型的稳定性进行了分析，推导了模型的临界稳定性条件。最后通过数值模拟方法对FVD和IFVD模型进行了对比研究。研究结果表明，在相同的初始扰动条件下，考虑前车最优速度影响的IFVD模型能更有效地抑制交通流的堵塞，且随着考虑前车数量的增多，自由流稳定的灵敏度系数临界值在减小，稳定区域逐渐增大。

关键词: 交通流, 全速度差（FVD）模型, 最优速度, 稳定性分析, 数值仿真