Abstract: Routers are the critical devices in the network environment. However, descriptions of the existing standards and specifications （e.g. Request For Comment, RFC） for performance test of routers are too simple to be used in practice. For instance, the related RFC specification provides a static test framework of routers in an ideal environment, the results of which cannot stand for the real performance of routers. Therefore, it designs a new environment for dynamic test, in which the packet lengths and packet intervals are variable to simulate stream parameters in actual network environment. The results of the performance test become more closer to the one in actual network environment. Finally, based on the major requirements of performance test, it presents a comprehensive evaluation method based on principal component analysis, which provides a new idea and reference for the choice of routers and the evaluation of their performance.

Key words: router, performance test, principal component analysis

摘要： 路由器是整个网络互连环境中的关键设备之一。目前针对路由器性能测试，相关的标准和规范（如Request For Comment，RFC）描述得相当笼统，只有大致的测试框架和过程，没有具体的测试方法。尤其是，标准和规范中给出的是一种静态理想测试环境，不能测试路由器在实际应用中的真实性能。因此，以相关标准和规范为依据，设计了变化动态的测试环境，以尽量仿真实际网络环境中流的真实参数及其变化情况，因而其测试结果更接近真实网络环境下路由器的性能。在此基础上，基于一种多元统计方法——主成分分析法，提出了一种针对路由器必测性能指标的综合评价方案，为路由器设备的选型、性能的评价提供了一种新的参考指标。

关键词: 路由器, 性能测试, 主成分分析