Abstract: The precision of range-velocity measurement relates to the range and movement pattern of the target in the target motion analysis. To improve the range and velocity estimation accuracies in both the face-to-face and the back-to-back movement circumstances, this paper proposes the concepts of the forward and the backward estimation of range-velocity. On this basis, the forward and backward hybrid estimation algorithm is given. Meanwhile, the estimation accuracies of range and velocity are analyzed theoretically. The hybrid algorithm, taking into account both of the performance and the time delay characteristic, uses previous M data and N data followed to estimate the range and velocity of current position. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than alternative of the forward and the backward algorithms with the same amount of data.

Key words: single-station location, Time Division Multiple Address（TDMA）, Target Motion Analysis（TMA）, Time Of Arrival（TOA）, forward range estimation, backward range estimation, velocity estimation

摘要： 目标运动分析中测距测速的精度与目标在空间的距离以及运动方式有关，为了提高目标在相向运动和相背运动下的距离和速度的估值精度，提出了前向和后向测距测速的概念，在此基础上给出了前向后向混合算法，对距离和速度的估计精度进行了理论分析。该算法利用目标航迹上前面的M个到达时间（TOA）和后面的N个TOA对当前位置的距离和速度进行估计，兼顾了算法性能和估值的时间延时特性。仿真结果验证了前向后向混合算法的性能总是好于同样数据量的前向或后向算法的性能。

关键词: 单站定位, 时分多址（TDMA）, 目标运动分析, 到达时间, 前向距离估计, 后向距离估计, 速度估计