Abstract: The 3D surface of scene reconstructed from gray level image contributes more to medical diagnose accurately.It introduces the fundamental of Shape from Shading，and structure of Scanned Electronic Microscope （SEM） as well.In addition，come up with an implementation approach on solving the problem posed by SEM reflectance map function based upon linear approximation.The results of red blood cell image reconstructed have pretty performance in comparison to real shape.

摘要： 通过对由医疗成像设备获取的二维灰度图像进行形状重建，得到的三维立体原型能帮助医学诊断人员确诊病情。介绍了Shape from Shading的实现原理和扫描电镜成像系统的简单构成，提出了一种基于线性逼近的用于解决SEM反射映射函数的实现方法，并将之应用于红血细胞的三维图像重构，得到的细胞图形非常接近其真实形状。