Abstract: In this paper，a hierarchical clustering algorithm for long-lived sensor network is proposed.EEHCA（an Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for wireless sensor networks） achieves a good performance in terms of lifetime by minimizing energy consumption for communication and balancing the energy load among all the nodes.EEHCA adopts a new method for cluster head election，which can avoid the frequent election of cluster head.In order to improve the performance of fault-tolerance，the concept of backup cluster head is introduced.Furthermore，when nodes have finished the communication within their own clusters and the cluster heads have finished the data aggregation，the head clusters will transmit aggregated data to the sink node by a special multi-hop mode.Simulation results show that EEHCA has the higher performance than LEACH（Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy） and HEED（Hybrid Energy-Efficient Distributed clustering） in terms of network lifetime.

摘要： 提出了一种能量有效的基于聚类的传感器网络路由协议—EEHCA（an Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for wireless sensor networks）。该协议通过最小化通信能量消耗并在所有节点之间实现能量消耗负载平衡的方式，达到了延长传感器网络生存时间的目的。协议提出了一种新颖的簇首确定机制，该机制可以避免感知区域内的节点进行频繁的簇首选举，从而节约了能量。为提高传感器网络的容错性能，引入了备用簇首的概念。在簇首与基站通信方面，采用多跳传输的方式进行，从而避免了距离基站较远的簇首进行长距离通信时所造成的能量过早耗尽的问题。仿真结果表明提出的协议拥有比LEACH和HEED协议更长的网络生存时间。