关键词: 无线传感器网络, 漏斗效应, 热点, 负载均衡, 网络寿命

Abstract: Responding to the problems of “funneling effect” and “hot spot” in wireless sensor network, the paper proposes the HEED-LEDP by improving the inter-cluster routing protocol based on HEED. In the algorithm, a load balancing tree will be built between cluster head nodes to ensure uniform distribution of data traffic at the respective communication path, to avoid large amounts of data aggregated to small path creating “ hot spot”. Meanwhile, the algorithm proposes a retransmission in turn strategy which is appropriate for single communication path virtually eliminating the “funnel effect”. Experimental results show that HEED-LEDP network routing algorithm can effectively avoid premature death in the case of local nodes to improve network lifetime and energy efficiency.

Key words: wireless sensor networks, funneling effect, hot spot, load balanced, network lifetime