基于区块链的可搜索加密电子病历共享方案

doi:10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.2310-0422

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对电子病历共享效率低与隐私易泄露的问题，提出一种基于区块链的可搜索加密电子病历共享方案。方案采用链上链下相结合的模式存储数据，实现电子病历的安全共享，云服务器存储电子病历密文，区块链存储密文哈希值、病历标识符及关键字索引等。设计了一种动态倒排索引结构，采用键值形式存储索引，利用可搜索加密技术在倒排索引中完成密文搜索。区块链节点在检索密文关键字的同时建立搜索索引，提高区块链节点的搜索效率。实验分析表明，该方案相比其他同类方案具有更高的效率，平均搜索时间减少了19.8%，陷门生成时间减少了12.14%，即在保证数据安全的前提下，该方案能够更快速地进行电子病历的搜索和共享。

关键词: 电子病历共享, 可搜索加密, 区块链, 倒排索引, 云服务器

Abstract: A searchable encrypted electronic medical record sharing scheme based on blockchain is proposed to address the issues of difficulty in sharing, low efficiency, and privacy leakage. The approach employs a combination of on-chain and off-chain modes for data storage, ensuring secure sharing of electronic medical records. The cloud server stores the encrypted medical records, while the blockchain stores the ciphertext hash values, medical record identifiers, and keyword indexes. A dynamic inverted index structure is designed, which uses key-value to store index, and uses searchable encryption technology to complete ciphertext search in the inverted index. Moreover, the blockchain nodes establish a search index while retrieving the ciphertext keywords, thus improving the search efficiency of the blockchain nodes. Experimental analysis demonstrates that the proposed scheme is more efficient than other comparable schemes, showcasing a reduction in average search time by 19.8% and in trapdoor generation time by 12.14%. In summary, this scheme can perform faster searching and sharing of electronic medical records while ensuring data security.

Key words: electronic medical record sharing, searchable encryption, blockchain, inverted index, cloud server

高改梅, 王娜, 刘春霞, 党伟超, 史旭. 基于区块链的可搜索加密电子病历共享方案[J]. 计算机工程与应用, 2025, 61(4): 289-298.

GAO Gaimei, WANG Na, LIU Chunxia, DANG Weichao, SHI Xu. Searchable Encrypted Electronic Medical Record Sharing Scheme Based on Blockchain[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2025, 61(4): 289-298.

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