基于作业链的泊位与岸桥协同调度研究

doi:10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.2010-0078

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对泊位与岸桥协同调度问题，引入“链式优化”思路，用作业链的方法分析集装箱装卸作业过程，首先将泊位计划作为开始链单元，采用资源节点优化策略进行分析，以最小化船舶在港总成本为目标建立模型；然后将岸桥卸船作业作为结束链单元，采用任务节点优化策略进行分析，以最小化岸桥最大完工时间为目标建立模型。考虑到作业链的整体性能，设计嵌套循环算法进行求解，内循环中用遗传算法分别求解泊位岸桥分配模型和岸桥调度模型，外循环中用岸桥数量作为公用变量对两个模型进行传递和反馈，寻找协同调度最优解。与单独调度进行对比，结果表明协同调度的优化效果更好；与粒子群算法、蚁群算法和蜂群算法的求解结果进行比较，表明遗传算法在求解质量和效率方面都更优，证明了提出的模型和算法能够有效解决此问题。

关键词: 集装箱码头, 泊位岸桥协同调度, 作业链, 遗传算法

Abstract: Aiming at the collaborative berth and quay crane scheduling problem, the idea of “chain optimization” is introduced to analyze the container loading and unloading operation process using the operation chain method. Firstly, the berth plan is taken as the starting chain unit, and the resource node optimization strategy is used for analysis, so as to establish the model with the goal of minimizing the total cost of ships in the port. Then, the quay crane unloading operation is taken as the end chain unit, and the task node optimization strategy is used to analyze, and the model is built with the goal of minimizing the maximum completion time of quay crane. Considering the overall performance of operation chain, a nested loop algorithm is designed to solve the problem. In the inner loop, the genetic algorithm is used to solve the berth quay crane allocation model and the quay crane scheduling model respectively. In the outer loop, the number of quay crane is used as a common variable to transmit and feedback the two models to find the optimal solution of coordinated adjustment. Compared with single scheduling, the results show that the optimization effect of collaborative scheduling is better. Compared with the results of particle swarm optimization, ant colony algorithm and bee colony algorithm, the genetic algorithm is better in solving quality and efficiency, which proves that the proposed model and algorithm can effectively solve this problem.

Key words: container terminal, berth-quay crane collaborative scheduling, operation chain, genetic algorithm

敖丹, 杨勇生. 基于作业链的泊位与岸桥协同调度研究[J]. 计算机工程与应用, 2022, 58(7): 286-294.

AO Dan, YANG Yongsheng. Research on Cooperative Scheduling of Berth and Quay Crane Based on Operation Chain[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2022, 58(7): 286-294.

参考文献

[1] HAN X L，LU Z Q，XI L F.A proactive approach for simultaneous berth and quay crane scheduling problem with stochastic arrival and handling time[J].European Journal of Operational Research，2010，207（3）：1327-1340.
[2] 杨春霞，王诺，杨华龙.集装箱码头泊位—岸桥分配耦合优化[J].计算机集成制造系统，2011，17（10）：2270-2277.
YANG C X，WANG N，YANG H L.Coupled optimization of berth quay crane allocation for container terminals[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems，2011，17（10）：2270-2277.
[3] HE J L.Berth allocation and quay crane assignment in a container terminal for the trade-off between time-saving and energy-saving[J].Advanced Engineering Informatics，2016，30（3）：390-405.
[4] KARAM A，ELTAWIL A B.Functional integration approach for the berth allocation，quay crane assignment and specific quay crane assignment problems[J].Computers & Industrial Engineering，2016，102：458-466.
[5] 梁承姬，吴宇.不确定环境下集装箱码头泊位与岸桥联合调度[J].计算机工程与应用，2017，53（7）：212-219.
LIANG C J，WU Y.Simultaneous berth and quay crane scheduling under uncertainty environments in container terminals[J].Computer Engineering and Applications，2017，53（7）：212-219.
[6] 郝杨杨，金永贺，杨斌.集装箱码头连续泊位-岸桥分配的仿真优化[J].计算机仿真，2017，34（4）：306-310.
HAO Y Y，JIN Y H，YANG B.Simulation and optimization of continuous berth and quay crane allocationin containerterminals[J].Computer Simulation，2017，34（4）：306-310.
[7] IRIS A，PACINO D，ROPKE S.Improved formulations and an adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic for the integrated berth allocation and quay crane assignment problem[J].Transportation Research Part E：Logistics and Transportation Review，2017，105：123-147.
[8] 史立，管明静，郭金鑫.考虑潮汐因素的连续泊位和岸桥集成分配研究[J].重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版），2018，37（4）：116-120.
SHI L，GUAN M J，GUO J X.Integrated allocation of continuous berth and quay crane considering tidal[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University（Natural Science Edition），2018，37（4）：116-120.
[9] 杨劼，高红，刘巍.离散泊位布局下的泊位岸桥动态协调调度[J].计算机工程与应用，2018，54（3）：265-270.
YANG J，GAO H，LIU W.Integrated dynamic berth and quay-crane scheduling based on discrete berth layout[J].Computer Engineering and Applications，2018，54（3）：265-270.
[10] 焦小刚，郑斐峰，徐寅峰，等.考虑泊位疏浚的连续型泊位和动态岸桥联合调度[J].运筹与管理，2020，29（2）：47-57.
JIAO X G，ZHENG F F，XU Y F，et al.Integrated continuous berth allocation and time-variant quay crane assignment under berth dredging in container terminal[J].Operations Research and Management Science，2020，29（2）：47-57.
[11] 张小莉.集装箱码头连续泊位与岸桥联合调度优化研究[D].宁波：宁波大学，2015.
ZHANG X L.Optimization of continuous berth and quay-crane integrated scheduling in container terminal[D].Ningbo：Ningbo University，2015.
[12] TüRKO?ULLARI Y B，CANER TA?KIN Z，ARAS N，et al.Optimal berth allocation，time-variant quay crane assignment and scheduling with crane setups in container terminals[J].European Journal of Operational Research，2016，254（3）：985-1001.
[13] 郑红星，张敬涛，刘保利.考虑潮汐影响的连续泊位和岸桥集成调度[J].计算机集成制造系统，2018，24（10）：2599-2611.
ZHENG H X，ZHANG J T，LIU B L.Integrated continuous berth allocation and quay crane scheduling under tidal influence at container terminal[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems，2018，24（10）：2599-2611.
[14] 毛敏俐，梁承姬，胡筱渊.基于船时效率的岸桥配置优化[J].计算机应用，2020，40（4）：1223-1230.
MAO M L，LIANG C J，HU X Y.Optimization of quay crane assignment problem based on vessel efficiency[J].Journal of Computer Applications，2020，40（4）：1223-1230.
[15] ABOU KASM O，DIABAT A，CHENG T C E.The integrated berth allocation，quay crane assignment and scheduling problem：Mathematical formulations and a case study[J].Annals of Operations Research，2020，291：435-461.
[16] TASOGLU G，YILDIZ G.Simulated annealing based simulation optimization method for solving integrated berth allocation and quay crane scheduling problems[J].Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory，2019，97：101948.
[17] MALEKAHMADI A，ALINAGHIAN M，HEJAZI S R，et al.Integrated continuous berth allocation and quay crane assignment and scheduling problem with time-dependent physical constraints in container terminals[J].Computers & Industrial Engineering，2020，147：106672.
[18] TAVAKKOLI-MOGHADDAM R，MAKUI A，SALAHI S，et al.An efficient algorithm for solving a new mathematical model for a quay crane scheduling problem in container ports[J].Computers & Industrial Engineering，2009，56（1）：241-248.