关键词: 元胞自动机, 行人疏散, 社会力模型, 个体微观行为

Abstract:

To better simulate micro-individual behavior during pedestrian evacuation, considering the pedestrian’s body radius and the pedestrian’s walking speed change with the movement state during the evacuation process, the operational rules of social force model are introduced into the cellular automaton model, it develops a new evacuation model with finer discretization of space , higher walking velocities and walking speed calculated by social force model for simulating pedestrian evacuation process in an emergency. In this model, the space is divided into smaller grids, each pedestrian occupies one or more cells, the pedestrian’s body radius is not constant, and the distance each pedestrian moves is determined by its speed. According to the exit selection method based on speed and the law of pedestrian movement, the dynamics of evacuation process is studied through numerical simulation analysis. It finds that speed-based grid movement quantity, pedestrian quantity, desired speed, different radii of pedestrians and the relaxation time affect the evacuation efficiency. This study is helpful for discrete models to depict the feature of pedestrian microscopic behaviors, combining the advantages of continuous models.

Key words: cellular automaton, pedestrian evacuation, social force model, individual micro-behavior