关键词: 冲突, 博弈论, 策略, 恐慌, 惯性, 人员疏散

Abstract:

In pedestrian evacuation, the conflict behavior between evacuees is complex and has a great influence on the rate of evacuation. In order to simulate this process, a model combining game theory with cellular automata is proposed. In this model, two strategies are set up（defectors and collaborators）, and two important parameters of panic index and inertia coefficient are introduced to describe the panic of the evacuees in the evacuation process and the ability to maintain the original strategy. Every conflict is a game, the winners are identified by the income matrix between the evacuees, and the Fermi function is used to update the strategy when the game is completed. The model reproduces the phenomenon of “export arch” and “fast or slow”. At the same time, it is found that under the same panic, the ratio of defectors to collaborators tends to be consistent. These self-organizing phenomena support the correctness of the model. This work also helps to understand the impact of inertia on the generation and survival of cooperative behavior.

Key words: conflict, game theory, strategy, panic, inertia, evacuation