关键词: 变异测试, 变异算子, 等价变异体, 错误定位

Abstract: With the continuous improvement of software scale and complexity, large amounts of researchers have focused their attention on the quality of software. Fault location is one of the important ways of software quality assurance. In recent years, it has become a very important research topic in software engineering. Moreover, how to efficiently find faults in software has become an urgent problem to be solved. Mutation-based fault location calculates the suspicion of each statement by comparing the difference between the original program and the corresponding mutant. Then statements are sorted according to the degree of suspicion. Finally, the programmer checks the statement one by one according to the sorting. The research results of fault location based on mutation test in the past 7 years （2012—2018） are summarized. Firstly, the basic methods of fault location are introduced. Secondly, the ideas of fault location based on mutation test are discussed. Then, the existing research work is classified and summarized from three aspects：mutation operator, mutant and equivalent mutant. Finally, the possible research directions, opportunities and challenges are discussed.

Key words: mutation testing, mutation operator, equivalent mutant, fault location